Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent condition among Indian women and contributes significantly to infertility cases. Approximately 50% of women diagnosed with PCOS experience difficulties conceiving. Over the past decade, the incidence of PCOS has surged, driven by factors such as sedentary lifestyles, unhealthy eating habits, lack of physical exercise, obesity, stress, and environmental influences. Increased awareness and more frequent screenings have also contributed to the rise in diagnosed cases. Women affected by PCOS must actively manage the condition to prevent complications associated with PCOS and also infertility.
“While many women dream of motherhood, PCOS can present a hurdle. Studies suggest 40-50% of women with PCOS may face infertility, but there's hope! However, the concern is growing. In my 15+ years of practice, I've witnessed a dramatic 60 % rise in PCOS cases. Alarmingly, PCOS can affect women of any age, with some girls as young as 16 experiencing symptoms. This early onset can significantly impact their long-term health. Early onset PCOS can disrupt their menstrual cycles, leading to irregular periods or amenorrhea (absence of periods). This can cause anxiety and self-esteem issues. Additionally, PCOS can increase the risk of acne, excessive hair growth (hirsutism), and weight gain, further affecting self-confidence.” said Dr Surabhi Siddartha , Consultant-Obstetrician and Gynecologist , Motherhood Hospitals, Kharghar.
“PCOS is responsible for about 20-35% of infertility cases, with women aged 25 to 35 being particularly affected. However, younger women in their 20s and those as old as 40 are also at risk”, says Dr Sneha Sathe, Clincial Director and Fertility Consultant, Nova IVF Fertility, Mumbai
“The rise in PCOS cases—up by 10-15% in the last decade—is linked to unhealthy lifestyle and also greater awareness leading to early detection. It is essential for women facing fertility challenges to seek guidance from fertility experts. Most women with PCOS are able to conceive with lifestyle changes like eating a balanced healthy diet and regular physical exercise which help in normalising menstrual cycles and hence ovulation. Those unable to conceive with simple measures and those with other associated infertility factors are often advised Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART), including in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intrauterine insemination (IUI). Oocyte cryopreservation (egg freezing) is a viable option for single women with PCOS wanting to delay child bearing”, concluded Dr Sathe.
Dr Surabhi said, “PCOS disrupts hormonal balance, leading to issues like irregular periods and increased risk of miscarriage around 10%. 10-20% of women with PCOS may develop gestational diabetes during pregnancy. Between 15-20% of those affected are in a pre-pregnancy phase. Several factors seem to be fuelling this rise in PCOS like increasingly sedentary lifestyles, lack of exercise, and high-stress environments likely play a role. Environmental changes may also be contributing. It's crucial to raise awareness about PCOS. Early diagnosis and intervention are key. Regular health check-ups can help detect PCOS early, allowing for timely treatment and potentially improved fertility outcomes. With proper care and the available treatments, many women with PCOS can achieve successful pregnancies.”
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