Maharashtra: 12 Maratha Forts Nominated for UNESCO World Heritage Status

Central government has proposed the "Maratha Military Landscapes" for inclusion in the UNESCO World Heritage List for 2024–2025. This nomination comprises 12 forts from Maharashtra, all of which show the superior military strategy of the Maratha rule.

The selected forts are spread across various regions, such as the Eastern Ghats, the Deccan Plateau, the Sahyadri mountain ranges, and the Konkan Coast. These forts were built between the 17th and 19th centuries. They exemplify the exceptional military and fortification system devised by the Maratha rulers.

Out of the 390 forts in Maharashtra, only 12 have been chosen for this nomination. Eight of these are under the protection of the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). The twelve forts that constitute this complex include Raigad, Shivneri, Torna, Lohgad, Salher, Khanderi, Rajgad, Pratapgad, Suvarnadurg, Panhala, Vijaydurg, and Sindhudurg. 

The forts illustrate the Marathas' diverse military design, ranging from forts in hills to islands. The Maratha military plan continued under successive monarchs until the Peshwa dynasty in 1818 CE. This ideology facilitated the creation of remarkable military landscapes.

The nomination fulfils cultural criteria (vi), (iv), and (iii). It represents a unique cultural tradition and an outstanding architectural ensemble that depicts human history. It is also associated with significant beliefs and traditions.

India currently has 42 World Heritage Sites, six of which are in Maharashtra. Five of which are cultural and one natural. They are the Victorian Gothic and Art Deco Ensembles of Mumbai (2018), the Ajanta Caves (1983), Ellora Caves (1983), Elephanta Caves (1987), and Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus (2004). The Western Ghats are a serial property in the natural category (2012). In 2021, the Maratha Military Landscapes of India were listed on the tentative list of World Heritage sites.

Deputy Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis also expressed his excitement about the news on social media. He stated that it was a proud moment for Maharashtra.